Stem Cell Therapy and Its Current Use

The concept of stem cell is used for the treatment of postnatal diseases, cancer types and some blood diseases, that is to say, for the treatment of more than one deadly disease, trying to find a solution. Stem cells; It can be taken from individuals who adapt to the individual, semi-adaptive individuals or directly from the individual himself.

While bone marrow was used in transplants performed in previous years, stem cell transplants have been performed for the last few years with the ever-developing technology. Stem cells, in short, 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation' is also known as bone marrow transplantation in the same period.

In the stem cell transplantation process, the stem cells taken from the donor, which is compatible with the individual, are given from the main vein of the patient. These smart cells begin to increase by settling in the patient's cells and renew themselves and benefit by the bone marrow producing blood cells properly.

Stem cell treatment methods have shown many developments from past to present. With the stem cell method, different cellular treatment methods have been developed and continue to be developed, primarily towards the movement system. It is the common point of the stem cell method that it increases in laboratory conditions without a connection with the tissue from the eyes through a single cell.

By placing the cells increased under laboratory conditions into the diseased tissues, the first-generation process is achieved. In the tissue engineering process, with the formation of functional tissues by making use of biomaterials, the generation process method is also provided in the second stage after the first process.

Biomaterials, which have been three-dimensional and have fulfilled the purpose of the roof, provide the support of tissue and cell structure. Biomaterials benefit the homogeneous distribution of cells at the same time. At the same time, biochemical molecules have the ability to dissolve on the host tissue, so to speak.

What are the Usage Areas?

The aim of the treatment is to accelerate the restructuring time of the cartilage-like tissues, which are difficult to produce, and to increase the rate of restructuring. Therefore, stem cell method can be benefited from in order to ensure the formation of a new cartilage in places where the articular cartilage cannot be increased, or to ensure the formation of a new bone in non-union bones.

Stem cells are used not only in the structuring process of cartilage and bones, but also in the treatment process of hematological cancer types. Developments in stem cell applications are not only limited to the laboratory, but also in surgical applications at the same time. MR imaging is quite useful in the cell therapy procedure. Regular MR image results of sick people are requested in the post-treatment period.

Increasing Cartilage Cell in Laboratory Environments

The largest joint in the body is the knee. For this reason, many cartilage injuries occur in the knee. Although meniscus tear was known as the disease seen in football players in the past, it is a form of disease that can be seen in many people in today's conditions.

The stem cell method, which is known as 'autologous chondrocyte implantation' in medical culture and is applied only to cartilage, can be used in meniscus repair.

In the diagnosis of cartilage applied in stem cell therapy, a small amount of cartilage taken from the patient is increased under laboratory conditions and then placed in the damaged cartilage tissue of the patient's body.

Treatment Methods

Perhaps the most serious element of the stem cell method is the growth of cells under laboratory conditions. Cells that can be increased under laboratory conditions are placed in the area with the disease in the next process, and this process is called generation. After the generation process, the tissue engineering process is started,

This process is also called the second-generation name. The biomaterials used in tissue engineering provide a homogeneous distribution due to their three-dimensionality, and after a while they begin to dissolve and begin to leave their place to the host tissue.

Constantly changing life conditions can cause a pressure on the joints of the individual, who has adopted a lifestyle that does not move, living without sports, and with the increase of obesity, a factor that is not positive. In the last period, surgical interventions may be required to place a prosthesis on the joints that have constantly carried heavy loads.

Problems seen in this system, which has to carry more loads, can occur in almost every corner of the society. In the treatment process, the surgical method is mostly preferred. Prostheses are placed to ensure that the conditions and duties of the joint are fulfilled. However, these transactions and processes become a growing problem in terms of both time and health financing.

One of the most serious elements in the stem cell method is to take the patient's history well. The patient should be asked about the previous diseases related to the musculoskeletal system and the past diseases of the patient. In this way, the anatomical parts of the patients should be examined with a solid physical control.