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General Surgery Health Guide

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Obesity Surgery
Opr. Dr. Volkan Kınaş
Opr. Dr. Volkan Kınaş

Obesity Surgery

Obesity is characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the body. It is diagnosed when an individual's Body Mass Index (BMI) is above a certain threshold. The assessment of obesity is based on the Body Mass Index (BMI), which is calculated by dividing your weight by your height squared (kg/m²). If the result is above 30, it is termed as obese, above 40 is termed as morbidly obese, and above 50 is termed as super obese.

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease - Part 2: Surgical Treatment Methods
Opr. Dr. Sedat Ocak
Opr. Dr. Sedat Ocak

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease - Part 2: Surgical Treatment Methods

We have all experienced symptoms such as heartburn, bitter taste in the mouth, and burning sensations in the throat or chest from time to time. However, when the severity and frequency of these symptoms increase, it is considered a condition that needs attention and medical treatment. In the first part of this two-part article, I discussed the causes, prevalence, and diagnosis of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD). The second and final part focuses on surgical treatment methods.

Gallstones: Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Assoc. Prof. İlhan Karabıçak
Assoc. Prof. İlhan Karabıçak

Gallstones: Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Gallstones typically form in the gallbladder as a result of the accumulation of substances such as cholesterol, bilirubin, and calcium. Over time, these stones can grow, blocking the bile ducts and leading to serious health issues. This article provides general information about the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of gallstones.

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease - Part 1: Formation, Frequency, Diagnosis
Opr. Dr. Sedat Ocak
Opr. Dr. Sedat Ocak

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease - Part 1: Formation, Frequency, Diagnosis

We have all experienced occasional symptoms such as heartburn, bitter taste in the mouth, or burning sensations in the throat or chest. However, when these symptoms intensify and increase in frequency, they are considered a medical condition that requires attention and treatment. In the first part of this two-part article, I will focus on the causes, frequency, and diagnosis of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD). In the second part, I will discuss surgical treatment.

After Surgery Most Commonly Improved Chronic Diseases
Opr. Dr. Volkan Kınaş
Opr. Dr. Volkan Kınaş

After Surgery Most Commonly Improved Chronic Diseases

Advancements in surgical technologies and developments in surgical interventions have the potential to alleviate or completely eliminate the effects of many chronic diseases. Especially in the field of general surgery, numerous operations can significantly enhance patients' quality of life and manage chronic diseases effectively. In this article, we will take a look at the chronic diseases most commonly improved through surgery.

Colon Cancer - Part 3: Rehabilitation and Preventive Measures
Opr. Dr. Kadir Dicle
Opr. Dr. Kadir Dicle

Colon Cancer - Part 3: Rehabilitation and Preventive Measures

Colon cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in the colon or rectum. General surgical specialists provide comprehensive expertise in the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of colon cancer. In this third and final part of the three-part article, we will address rehabilitation and preventive measures following the treatment of the disease.

Colon Cancer - Part 2: Diagnosis and Treatment Methods
Opr. Dr. Kadir Dicle
Opr. Dr. Kadir Dicle

Colon Cancer - Part 2: Diagnosis and Treatment Methods

Colon cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in the colon or rectum. General surgery specialists provide comprehensive expertise in the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of colorectal cancer. In this second part of the four-part article, we will discuss the diagnostic and monitoring methods of the disease.

Colon Cancer - Part 1: Incidence, Symptoms, Risk Factors
Opr. Dr. Kadir Dicle
Opr. Dr. Kadir Dicle

Colon Cancer - Part 1: Incidence, Symptoms, Risk Factors

Colon cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in the large intestine or rectum. General surgical specialists provide comprehensive expertise in the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of colon cancer. In this first part of a four-part article where we will provide an extensive overview of colon cancer, we will discuss the definition of the disease, its incidence, symptoms, and risk factors.

Stomach Botox and Stomach Balloon: A General Surgical Perspective
Opr. Dr. Güngör Yar
Opr. Dr. Güngör Yar

Stomach Botox and Stomach Balloon: A General Surgical Perspective

Stomach botox and stomach balloon are among the popular treatment methods for individuals struggling with obesity and weight management issues. These procedures are meticulously evaluated and performed by general surgical specialists. In this article, I will first define stomach botox and stomach balloon procedures, followed by listing the advantages and disadvantages of both methods.

Diabetes is a Treatable Disease: Surgical Approaches to Diabetes
Opr. Dr. Kadir Dicle
Opr. Dr. Kadir Dicle

Diabetes is a Treatable Disease: Surgical Approaches to Diabetes

Diabetes has become an increasingly prevalent health issue in today's world. Both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes can lead to metabolic disorders and abnormal increases in blood sugar levels. In this article, I will focus on surgical treatment options for diabetes and discuss the role of general surgeons in this field.

Primary Liver Cancer and Oncological Surgery
Assoc. Prof. Oktay Karaköse
Assoc. Prof. Oktay Karaköse

Primary Liver Cancer and Oncological Surgery

Liver cancer, a type of cancer where liver cells grow abnormally, has become a significant global health issue. In this article, we will provide an in-depth examination of primary liver cancer and oncological surgery used in its treatment.

Importance of Monitoring Chronic Diseases After Surgery
Opr. Dr. Volkan Kınaş
Opr. Dr. Volkan Kınaş

Importance of Monitoring Chronic Diseases After Surgery

Monitoring chronic diseases after surgery is a critical step for optimizing patients' health, minimizing complications, and improving their quality of life. General surgeons ensure that patients are regularly monitored, assess their health through laboratory and imaging tests, and intervene as needed, such as adjusting medications or providing dietary and lifestyle recommendations. This approach minimizes the impact of chronic diseases after surgery, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer
Assoc. Prof. İlhan Karabıçak
Assoc. Prof. İlhan Karabıçak

Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer

Cancer surgery requires expertise and experience. Before cancer surgery, several medical specialties need to be involved in treatment planning. Cancer surgery is performed by specialized surgeons in hospitals that have departments such as surgical oncology, medical and radiation oncology, gastroenterology, and interventional radiology, and patients tend to have longer survival rates in these specialized settings.

Laser Applications in the Treatment of Hemorrhoids
Opr. Dr. Sedat Ocak
Opr. Dr. Sedat Ocak

Laser Applications in the Treatment of Hemorrhoids

In colloquial terms, hemorrhoids, also known as "basur" in Turkish, are vascular cushions in the anus area that can swell and protrude. These structures, which are normal in every person, have functions like preventing the escape of gas and fluids from the anus. Hemorrhoidal disease occurs when these vascular cushions in the anus swell due to various factors such as diarrhea, constipation, prolonged standing, and pregnancy. This condition, which is common enough to affect nearly half of people over the age of 50, can lead to discomfort in the anus, causing symptoms such as rectal bleeding, pain, discharge, and swelling.

Who is at Risk for Colon Cancer?
Assoc. Prof. İlhan Karabıçak
Assoc. Prof. İlhan Karabıçak

Who is at Risk for Colon Cancer?

The colon is a part of the digestive system, extending from the small intestine, where the liquid portion of undigested food is absorbed and eliminated. Colon cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancerous) cells develop on the inner surface of the large intestine (colon). The last portion of the large intestine, located near the rectum, is called the rectum. Therefore, the terms "rectal cancer" and "colon cancer" will be used interchangeably in this article. Cancer occurs when normal cells proliferate uncontrollably and irregularly, forming tumors. Over time, these tumors can grow and spread to surrounding tissues. This process is called metastasis and can lead to the spread of cancer to other parts of the body.

Cancer Should Be Found By You Before It Finds You...
Opr. Dr. Yunus Öztürk
Opr. Dr. Yunus Öztürk

Cancer Should Be Found By You Before It Finds You...

With the belief that "it will upset them and make it worse," hiding the diagnosis from the patient is a very wrong approach. Patients have the right to choose the most appropriate treatment and make decisions, and this right must be respected. Starting treatment without the patient's knowledge will not progress properly, and the process will be incomplete.

You Should Be Afraid of Being Late, Not Cancer
Opr. Dr. Yunus Öztürk
Opr. Dr. Yunus Öztürk

You Should Be Afraid of Being Late, Not Cancer

Cancer occurs when cells in the body multiply uncontrollably. Despite about 10,000 cell mutations occurring in our DNA daily, our immune system continuously scans our body every millisecond and detects and destroys cancerous cells. Our immune system plays a crucial role in recognizing and eliminating abnormalities. Nevertheless, the main reasons behind cancer development include the breakdown of defense mechanisms and deficiencies in the immune system.

Thyroid Cancer
Assoc. Prof. Oktay Karaköse
Assoc. Prof. Oktay Karaköse

Thyroid Cancer

The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck. As part of the endocrine system, the thyroid produces and releases important hormones. These hormones play a role in regulating the body's metabolism and many other vital physiological processes.

Breast Cancer and Breast-Conserving Surgery
Opr. Dr. Yunus Öztürk
Opr. Dr. Yunus Öztürk

Breast Cancer and Breast-Conserving Surgery

In the past, when breast cancer was diagnosed, the usual approach was to remove the entire breast, resulting in an impact on the patient's body integrity. Patients would agree to this surgical method, believing it to be a more effective treatment, and as a result, they would face psychological effects and challenges throughout their lifetime. However, based on recent studies, the concept and prevalence of breast-conserving surgery (BCS) have increased. Nowadays, we know that the notion of "complete removal of the breast provides better treatment, while partial removal is inadequate" is incorrect.

Why İs The Diagnosis Of Stomach Cancer Delayed?
Assoc. Prof. İlhan Karabıçak
Assoc. Prof. İlhan Karabıçak

Why İs The Diagnosis Of Stomach Cancer Delayed?

Stomach cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in the tissues of the stomach. It is among the most commonly seen cancer types worldwide. Stomach cancer often does not show symptoms in the early stages and is only detected at advanced stages. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are of great importance, especially in stomach cancer.