Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Nutrition: Foods Supporting Treatment and Dietary Principles

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease that causes inflammation of the thyroid gland. This condition occurs when the body's own immune system attacks the thyroid gland. In individuals with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, the function of the thyroid gland decreases over time, leading to hypothyroidism. However, with an appropriate nutrition plan, we can alleviate symptoms, support a healthy lifestyle, and complement treatment.

What is the Frequency of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis?

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a widely prevalent autoimmune thyroid disease worldwide. The frequency of occurrence may vary according to geographical regions and ethnic groups, but generally, it is more common in women than in men. Hashimoto's thyroiditis typically manifests in adults aged between 30 and 50, but it can occur at any age. Although there is no precise data on the frequency of occurrence in our country, thyroid diseases are generally quite common, with Hashimoto's thyroiditis being considered a significant component of this. Small-scale studies and clinical observations in the country indicate that the frequency of Hashimoto's thyroiditis is similar to that of other countries.

The Relationship Between Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Nutrition:

Nutrition is highly important in individuals with Hashimoto's thyroiditis because it plays a significant role in the production of thyroid hormones and regulation of metabolism. Consuming the right nutrients helps reduce inflammation, strengthen the immune system, and support metabolism, which is crucial for managing Hashimoto's thyroiditis symptoms.

Dietary Principles for Hashimoto's Thyroiditis:

• Consume Anti-inflammatory Foods: Anti-inflammatory foods such as omega-3 fatty acids help alleviate Hashimoto's thyroiditis symptoms. Foods rich in omega-3, such as fatty fish (salmon, sardines, anchovies), flaxseeds, and walnuts, should be included in the diet.
• Reduce Gluten and Allergens: Individuals with Hashimoto's thyroiditis may have a higher prevalence of gluten intolerance, and consuming gluten can exacerbate thyroid inflammation. Therefore, opting for a gluten-free diet may help reduce symptoms. Additionally, reducing potential allergens like dairy products, which can cause allergic reactions, is important.
• Pay Attention to Iodine Balance: Iodine plays a crucial role in the production of thyroid hormones. However, excessive iodine intake can further irritate the thyroid gland. It's important to balance iodine intake by consuming iodized salt and seafood.
• Promote Low Autoimmune Response: Strengthening the immune system to reduce autoimmune response is crucial. Consuming probiotics (fermented foods like yogurt, kefir), prebiotics (fiber-rich foods like onions, garlic), and antioxidants (colorful fruits and vegetables) can support the immune system.
• Choose Foods Supporting Thyroid Function: Minerals and vitamins such as zinc, selenium, and iron support thyroid function. Foods such as coconut oil, red meat, and pumpkin seeds contain these minerals and vitamins.
• Reduce Sugar and Refined Carbohydrates: Sugar and refined carbohydrates cause rapid spikes in blood sugar levels, increasing inflammation and disrupting thyroid hormone balance. Therefore, it's important to minimize processed foods, sugary snacks, and refined flour.
• Consider Individual Tolerances: Everyone's body is different, and certain foods may worsen Hashimoto's symptoms for some individuals. Therefore, it's important to personalize your nutrition plan by considering individual tolerances. Observing how specific foods affect you and monitoring symptoms is crucial.

Conclusion:

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease that affects thyroid health, and nutrition plays a significant role in its management. Consuming the right nutrients, reducing inflammation, supporting thyroid function, and strengthening the immune system alleviate symptoms and improve overall health. However, remember that everyone is different, and it's essential to personalize your nutrition plan with the guidance of a registered dietitian. Additionally, it's important to adhere to the medication treatment recommended by your doctor.

Nutritionist Eda Arslan

Registered Dietitian and Nutrition Specialist